Megaderma É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1810. Ann. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. Paris 15: 197
Vespertilio spasma Linnaeus, 1758
Eucheira Hodgson, 1847 [not Eucheira Westwood, 1838, an insect]; Spasma Gray, 1866.
References:
Amador, L.I., R.L. Moyers Arévalo, F.C. Almeida, S.A. Catalano, and N.P. Giannini. 2016. Bat systematics in the light of unconstrained analyses of a comprehensive molecular supermatrix. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 2016: 1-34. Read abstract.
Benda, P., and J. Gaisler. 2015. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 12. Bat fauna of Afghanistan: revision of distribution and taxonomy. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae 79: 267–458. Read article.
Eick, G.N., D.S. Jacobs, and C.A. Matthee 2005. A nuclear DNA phylogenetic perspective on the evolution of echolocation and historical biogeography of extant bats (Chiroptera) . Molecular Biology and Evolution 22(9): 1869-1886. Read article.
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, É. 1810. Sur les phyllostomes et les mégadermes, deux genres de la famille Chauve-souris. Annales du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 15: 157-198. Read article.
Griffiths, T.A., A. Truckenbrod, and P.J. Sponholtz 1992. Systematics of megadermatid bats (Chiroptera, Megadermatidae), based on hyoid morphology. American Museum Novitates 3041: 1-21. Read article.
Hand, S.J. 1985. New Miocene megadermatids (Chiroptera: Megadermatidae) from Australia with comments on megadermatid systematics. Australian Mammalogy 8: 5-43. Read article.
Kaňuch, P., T. Aghová, Y. Meheretu, R. Šumbera, and J. Bryja. 1997. New discoveries on the ecology and echolocation of the heart-nosed bat Cardioderma cor with a contribution to the phylogeny of Megadermatidae. African Zoology 50(1): 53-57. Read abstract.
Shi, J.J., and D.L. Rabosky. 2015. Speciation dynamics during the global radiation of extant bats. Evolution 69(6): 1528-1545. Read abstract.
Soisook P., A. Prajakjitr, S. Karapan, C.M. Francis, and P.J.J. Bates. 2015. A new genus and species of false vampire (Chiroptera: Megadermatidae) from peninsular Thailand. 3931: 528–550. Read abstract.
Megaderma spasma (Linnaeus, 1758).
Syst. Nat., 10th ed. 1: 32 (based on Seba, 1734, Locupletissimi rerum naturalium...p. 90).
Lesser False Vampire Bat
Vespertilio spasma
abditum Chasen, 1940
.carimatae Miller, 1906
.celebense Shamel, 1940
.ceylonense K. Andersen, 1918
.horsfieldi Blyth, 1863
.kinabalu Chasen, 1940
.lasiae Lyon, 1916
.majus K. Andersen, 1918
.medium K. Andersen, 1918
.minus K. Andersen, 1918
.naisense Lyon, 1916
.natunae K. Andersen & Wroughton, 1907
.pangandarana Sody, 1936
.philippinense Waterhouse, 1843
.siumatis Lyon, 1916
.spasma Linnaeus, 1758
.trifolium É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1810
.Indonesia, Molucca Isls, Ternate
Sri Lanka and India through S China (Yunnan Province) and SE Asia (including Vietnam) to Lesser Sundas, the Philippines and Molucca Isls, various adjacent islands
CITES - Not Listed (2023). IUCN - Least Concern (2019).
See Bergmans and van Bree (1986) and Endo et al. (2010) for discussion of subspecies limits in the Indonesian region. Boundaries of some subspecies are unclear. Reviewed in part by Hill (1983) and Bates and Harrison (1997); also see Flannery (1995). Megaderma is neuter as the ending "derma" is a third declension Greek neuter noun. We have therefore corrected the spellings of the subspecies names celebensis, ceylonensis, and philippinensis (all masculine or feminine) to agree with the neuter gender of the genus.
References:
Bates, P.J.J., and D.L. Harrison. 1997. Bats of the Indian Subcontinent. Harrison Zoological Museum, Sevenoaks: 258. Not available online.
Bergmans, W., and P.J.H. van Bree. 1986. On a collection of bats and rats from the Kangean Islands, Indonesia (Mammalia: Chiroptera and Rodentia). Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 51: 329-344. Read article.
Endo, H, A. Hayashida, and K. Fukuta. 2007. Multivariate analyses of the skull size and shape in the five geographical populations of the lesser false vampire bat. Mammal Study 32: 23-31. Read article.
Flannery, T.F. 1995. Mammals of the South-West Pacific and Moluccan Islands. Cornell University Press, Ithaca: 464 pp. Not available online.
Hill, J.E. 1983. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Indo-Australia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series 43: 103-208. Read article.
Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm: 1-824. Read volume.
Does not include Lyroderma; see Hand (1985), Eick et al. (2005), Kaňuch et al. (2015), Shi and Rabosky (2015), Soisook et al. (2015), Benda and Gaisler (2015), and Amador et al. (2016). But see also Griffiths et al. (1992).